Thyroid lobe removal, also known as hemithyroidectomy, is a surgical procedure to remove one half of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck and is responsible for the production of hormones that regulate metabolism.
Removal of the thyroid lobe may be recommended for people who have:
- Benign thyroid tumors (nodules) in one lobe
- Thyroid cancer in one lobe
- Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) in one lobe
- Hyperthyroidism (excessive thyroid activity) caused by one lobe of the thyroid gland
Removal of the thyroid gland is usually performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision on the front of the neck. The thyroid gland is then identified and separated from the surrounding tissues. One lobe of the thyroid gland is removed, and the remaining lobe is preserved. The surgeon may also remove nearby lymph nodes to check for cancer cells.
Recovery after removal of the thyroid gland usually takes several days. Most patients can return home the day after surgery. After surgery, it is necessary to wear a neck collar to protect the neck. Most patients are also prescribed medications to regulate thyroid function.
The results of thyroid lobe removal may be long-term. Most patients can restore full thyroid function and do not need thyroid hormone replacement therapy. However, some patients may require temporary thyroid hormone replacement therapy until the remaining portion of the thyroid gland is restored.
As with any surgical procedure, removal of the thyroid gland carries certain risks and complications, such as:
- Infection
- The bleeding
- Nerve damage
- Damage to the parathyroid glands (glands located next to the thyroid gland that regulate calcium levels)
- Hypoparathyroidism (low blood calcium levels)
- Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland)
Removal of the thyroid lobe can be an effective treatment for various diseases of the same thyroid lobe. However, it is important to discuss with your doctor the potential risks and complications, as well as realistic expectations of the procedure before deciding whether to carry it out.
