LASEK is a refractive laser eye surgery used to correct refractive errors such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.

Procedure:

1. Creation of the corneal epithelial flap:

  •     A thin flap of corneal epithelium (the transparent outer layer of the cornea) is created using an alcohol solution or a mechanical tool called a trefine.

2. Excimer laser ablation:

  •   The open corneal stroma (the middle layer of the cornea) is reshaped using an excimer laser. Laser pulses remove the exact amount of tissue, correcting the refractive error.

3. Repositioning of the epithelial flap:

  •     The epithelial flap is carefully replaced. It usually heals within a few days.

Advantages:

  •  Preservation of Bowman's membrane: Unlike LASIK, LASEK does not create a flap in the stroma, which preserves the Bowman's membrane, the protective layer of the cornea.
  •  Suitable for thin corneas: LASEK can be performed on people with thinner corneas who may not be suitable for LASIK.
  •  Lower risk of dry eyes: LASEK usually causes fewer symptoms of dry eyes after surgery than LASIK.

Disadvantages:

  •  Longer healing time: LASEK has a longer healing time than LASIK, it usually takes several weeks for vision to fully stabilize.
  •  Discomfort: Patients may experience more discomfort during the healing process compared to LASIK.
  •  Potential complications: LASEK carries a small risk of flap dislocation or infection, but these complications are rare.

LASEK is usually suitable for people with mild to moderate refractive errors, including:

  1.  Nearsightedness (myopia)
  2.  Hyperopia (hyperopia)
  3.  Astigmatism

Other options for refractive laser surgery include:

  •  LASIK
  •  PRK (photorefractive keratectomy)
  • SMILE (extraction of a small lenticular incision)