Coronary angioplasty is an invasive procedure that is used to widen narrowed or clogged arteries that supply blood to the heart.
The purpose of angioplasty is to improve blood flow to the heart, thereby reducing the symptoms of angina pectoris (chest pain) and preventing a heart attack.
Procedure:
- The patient is given local anesthesia.
- A small incision is made in the groin or on the arm.
- A catheter (thin tube) is inserted into the artery and moves towards the narrowed area.
- There is a canister at the end of the catheter. When the balloon inflates, it presses on the narrowed artery, opening it.
- In some cases, after angioplasty, a stent (a small mesh tube) is placed in the artery to keep it open.
Angioplasty is performed in patients with:
- Significant narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries.
- Angina pectoris that is not controlled by medication.
- Acute heart attack to restore blood flow to the heart.
As with any invasive procedure, there are certain risks associated with angioplasty, such as:
- The bleeding
- Infection
- Artery damage
- Allergic reaction
- Heart attack
- Stroke
Most patients need to spend the night in the hospital after angioplasty. Full recovery usually takes several weeks. During recovery, patients are advised to:
- Relax and avoid strenuous activities.
- Take prescribed medications such as antithrombotic drugs and statins.
- Follow your doctor's recommendations regarding diet and exercise.
Angioplasty is considered a safe and effective procedure. In most patients, it significantly improves blood flow to the heart and relieves angina symptoms. There is a risk of artery narrowing again over time, so patients need to take medications and monitor their lifestyle to keep their arteries open.
