A herniated disc is a condition in which the soft, gelatinous core of the intervertebral disc protrudes through the outer shell (fibrous ring). This can put pressure on the nerves or spinal cord, causing pain, numbness, and weakness.
Conservative treatment is usually the first line of therapy for herniated discs. The goal of conservative treatment is to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and strengthen the muscles that support the spine.
There are many methods of conservative treatment of herniated discs, including:
- Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce inflammation and pain. In some cases, stronger painkillers such as opioids may be prescribed.
- Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can teach exercises that will help strengthen the muscles supporting the spine, improve posture, and reduce pressure on the affected disc.
- Manual therapy: Osteopaths and chiropractors use manual manipulations to adjust the spine and reduce pressure on the nerves.
- Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections can help reduce inflammation and pain by having a direct effect on the affected nerve.
- Acupuncture: Acupuncture can help reduce pain and inflammation by stimulating specific points on the body.
- Lifestyle Changes: Lifestyle changes such as weight loss, improved posture, and quitting smoking can help reduce pressure on the spine and improve overall health.
Although conservative treatment can be effective for many people with a herniated disc, it is important to consult a doctor if:
- The pain is severe and does not go away with over-the-counter medications.
- The pain is accompanied by numbness, weakness, or loss of sensation.
- The pain spreads to the leg or arm.
- The pain is worse when coughing, sneezing, or straining.
- The pain does not improve after several weeks of conservative treatment.
If conservative treatment does not bring relief, the doctor may consider surgery. Surgical intervention is usually recommended only if the pain is severe, does not respond to conservative treatment and affects the quality of life.
Conservative treatment is often effective in reducing pain and improving function in people with herniated discs. However, it is important to consult a doctor if the pain is severe, persists, or is accompanied by other symptoms. If conservative treatment does not help, the doctor may consider surgery.
